Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The evaluation of the first Bahname written in Turkish in the Ottoman Era concerning current urology. Turk J Urol. Our study investigated the oldest known Turkish bahname, translated by Musa b. First, the original manuscript of the translation was transcribed in Latin. The final version of the text was analyzed in the results. In discussion, findings were examined and interpreted within the framework of current knowledge of sexology, urology, and andrology. Although the work mostly mentions supportive and therapeutic practices in sexual health, it also provides advice on sexuality and sexual life, discussing several topics regarding sexual intercourse types, explaining which ones are good or harmful, and their timing or frequency. The author recommends many foods and compounds or specific drugs and ointments to enhance sexual stamina and avoid erectile dysfunction. In addition, he also tries to find solutions to some other sexual health problems related to men and women. These issues are generally evaluated in the context of health; a religious perspective is also provided when needed. Nevertheless, some information and suggestions in works are entirely irrational and unscientific. Consequently, this study is an original investigation of the first translated bahname into Turkish. There is no other study examining the bahnames with this method. Thus, we believe that our work will be a significant contribution to the research literature. This is the first study that investigated the bahnames in comparison with the current literature. The author recommends many foods and compounds, or specific drugs and ointments, consistent with the current literature, to enhance sexual stamina and prevent erectile dysfunction. The author synthesized empirical information with experiences from the past in the bahname while dealing with sexual life and sexual health issues. The bahnames, an essential part of the Islamic medical corpus, generally address sexuality, sexual behavior, sexual dysfunctions, and protective, supportive, and therapeutic applications in this field. Additionally, such books may include social issues such as How Many Sex Types Are There life, family institution, marriage and pregnancy, measures to facilitate or prevent conception, problems during pregnancy, medical information about newborn children, and even child-rearing and upbringing. Many physicians wrote such works in different periods of Islamic and Ottoman medical history. Ali Haydar Bayat identified 45 different bahnames across all periods of Islamic civilization, including 21 in Arabic, 6 in Persian, and 14 in Turkish. Dawla in the fourteenth century. Additionally, the first known Turkish bahname in the Ottoman Empire is the translation by Musa b. Among the Bahnames in Ottoman era, especially those presented to the Sultanes are decorated with colorful miniatures, while those written for the public include no pictures or figures. The Bahname-i Padişahi translated by Murat b. Mesud How Many Sex Types Are There one of the first examples of the Ottoman era. Unlike most of the bahnames, it does not contain pictures and figures. Bahnames included more figures and became more pornographic after the nineteenth century. In this study, we submit the transcription of an original text in the Ottoman medical history and its comparative evaluation with the current literature. Therefore, we did not require any Ethics Committee Approval, and such a study is not within the scope of Clinical Research Ethics Committees. The chapter and folio numbers mentioned in our study for the bahname that was translated by Musa b. Cover image of the copy registered at the Library of Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine under call number Parts that could not be read due to the damages were read from the copies of the Suleymaniye Library, Sehid Ali Pasha Library, and the National Library and added to the transcription text. The final version of the transcribed text was analyzed in the results. According to the index quoted by Uzel with reference to Sehsuvaroglu, Musa b. Although the work mainly mentions supportive and therapeutic practices related to sexual health, it also provides advice on sexuality and sexual life, discussing several topics regarding sexual intercourse types, explaining which ones are good or harmful, and their timing or frequency. These issues are generally evaluated in the context of health, and a religious perspective is also provided when needed. Folio-5a emphasizes that spouses are religiously permitted to have sexual intercourse in whatever they want. It also defined and recommended many different sexual intercourse types such as standing, sitting, and being on top or at the bottom. In addition, the work expresses explicit prohibitions against homosexuality and anal sex. In the fourteenth chapter, first, the author describes the beneficial and beautiful sexual intercourse types, then defines the following as the types of sexual intercourse that cause harm, illness, and disability: having sex standing up, sex while the couple is lying on their side, sexual intercourse in the bathhouse, and the position where the woman is on top. He claims that the boy born due to this sexual intercourse would lack eyes.
They are initiated into this way of life at a very early period; we saw some, who could not be more than ten years old. Intense love was known, and the loss of a dear one was not just lamented but might be evidenced by self-inflicted pain and mutilation e. Oliver , pp. We all know that sex is an effective form of exercise but how effective really? Sexual dysfunctions such as impotence and inhibitions of desire or lack of orgasm among males or females, common enough in Western society today, reportedly were unknown or at least rare Pukui, Haertig, and Lee, , pp. Kuykendall, R.
Sexual Health Center
Numerous studies indicate that men (compared to women) tend to display relatively greater distress in response to sexual infidelity, whereas women (compared. Types of treatment include individual psychotherapy, couple-oriented sex therapy, group therapy, self-help programmes and analytically oriented sex therapy. Development of Selçuk Sexual Development Scale ( Months) and Examination of Sexual Development in Children. Accuracy of the sexual knowledge of. The more accurate the sexual knowledge of adults the lower number of beliefs to sexual myths there are.From this observation, it can be concluded that all 5 sense organs should be used in intercourse, and the current literature also confirms this. The chapter and folio numbers mentioned in our study for the bahname that was translated by Musa b. These carvings are of the penis, representing the male god kane , and the vulva, representing the female deity. Among the Bahnames in Ottoman era, especially those presented to the Sultanes are decorated with colorful miniatures, while those written for the public include no pictures or figures. Different extracts from plants, animals, and organs and various formulations of their mixtures are used for similar purposes. Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases What are sexually transmitted diseases? Müşteri Yorumları. However, these parts are insignificant in the whole text and do not affect the semantic integrity of the work. Rules for Intercourse As long as the individuals involved were of the appropriate social class, just about any type of sexual behavior between them was sanctioned. Peer-review: Externally peer-reviewed. The author recommends many foods and compounds, or specific drugs and ointments, consistent with the current literature, to enhance sexual stamina and prevent erectile dysfunction. On folioa, the author recommends abandoning some habits to protect male sexual health. However, chapter 10 describes topical mixtures prepared for erection strengthening for application under the soles of the feet and between the toes, an area outside the urogenital region. Stanford, Calif. This penis-blowing procedure was reported by several informants as having been experienced personally; one Hawaiian male received this attention as an infant, and one Hawaiian female performed it on her grandchildren; one Caucasian male reported that his Hawaiian mother-in-law had performed the procedure on his own infant. Current literature leaves the spouses wholly free and does not set any limits in terms of sexual frequency. One might take bones or body parts of a dead lover to sleep with Malo, , p. Bacterial vaginosis BV. As they slept in the family house hale noa , they observed their parents having coitus. Then the author explains which days sexual intercourse was recommended and on which days it was discouraged. Individuals who were slated for sacrifice or who were banished were stripped naked. If not treated, infections caused by these pathogens can become chronic and cause recurrent infections, and some can lead to severe chronic health problems as with HIV and HCV infections. He points out that all senses and flavors are coming together in sexual intercourse. These substances include papaverine 27 and prostaglandin E1. Peripubertal females, in many cultures of Oceania, were noted to often be publicly sexually active with adults Oliver, , p. The clitoris is prominent. Feierman Ed. Some of the reports of seemingly promiscuous and nonrelational sex that occurred in Oceania might reflect sampling and Western-oriented biases. The missionaries banned surfing because the surfers stood unashamedly naked on their boards. Ellis , Vol. Suggs, R.
